Internal-combustion engine



April 15, 1930. W R. F. BROWN ,7 4,7

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed June 28. 1927 2 SheetSSheet 1 Fig. z

fin r1775 r' April 15, 1930. R. F. BROWN 1,754,785.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed June 28, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fo/ 52w;

Patented Apr. 15, 1930 PATENT OFFICE ROBERT 1?. BROWN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed. June 28,

1927. Serial No. 202,145.

(GRANTED UNDER THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1883, 22 STAT. L, 625) The invention described herein may be used by the Government, or any of its oflicers or employees in prosecution of work for the Government, or by any other person in the United States, without payment of any royalty thereon.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to that class wherein oils are to be used for fuel.

The objects in view are to provide a simple form of engine wherein low grade fuels may be used with practically unimportant changes from the structure now in general use where high grade fuel is consumed.

Simple, durable and inexpensive means are provided whereby the above results may be attained and slight changes in form may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Similar numerals indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the improved motor partly broken away.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section of one 25 of the cylinders.

Fig. 3 is a similar view of a modified form. Reference now being had to the drawings,

1 indicates the crank case, 2 the cylinder block,

3 the cylinder head, 4; the radiator, 5 the up- 30 per connection between the radiator and the cylinder cooling jacket, 6. The lower connection between the radiator and the pump 8 is shown at 7, the pump 8 being connected with the cylinder cooling jacket through pipe 9.

The usual fan 10 mounted on fan shaft 11 on which is mounted fan belt pulley 12, is operated by the belt 13 which in turn receives its power from belt wheel 14 mounted on shaft 15 extending through gear case 16 wherein gears (not shown) are meshed with gears on the main drive shaft 1n the usual manner to provide the necessary power to drive the fan and operate the pump, said shaft 15 extending from gear casing 16 to the pump 8. 19 is the engine valves, 20 the spark plugs.

Through experimentation it has been discovered that an internal comba s a engine for operation on the heavier fuelg, should have the compression chamber at a higher temperature than is experienced in the present day engine. To be successful in the use of the heavier fuels the compression chamber must be allowed to attain certain high temperatures. The ideal method of obtaining this condition is to have that portion of the metal around the compression chamber, which should not contain any moving parts, the section where the increased temperature will an prevail, all moving parts, or those that it is desired to be kept at the lowest permissible operating temperature, to be confined tothat portion of the engine where the usual cooling method is applied.

Utilizing the heavier fuels, in the operation of the usual type of internal combustion engine, with compression ratiosthat prevail when gasoline is used asthe fuel, resulted in excessive detonation or spot burning and low power output Reducing compression ratios, materially diminished detonation, but failed to result in increased power. Experiments have demonstrated that with heavy fuels, high compression ratios can be utilized and 75 resulting power increase attained by the means here disclosed.

Applicant provides an engine the major portion of the cylinder being provided with the usual water cooling circulation system, so the cylinder head 8, which forms the compressionchamber, adapted to be either air cooled, or contain water, not aliected by the circulation system. a

The means shown consist of the usual radis5 ator 4 having a connection to the engine water pump 8 and from the pump to a low point on the cylinder water cooling space. Where a. pump is not desired and thermos siphoning is the preferred cooling method, the connec a tion is made directly to a low point on said cylinder water space, said connection acting as the water inlet passage to the cylinder water cooling space in the circulation system. A connection 5 from the cylinderwater cooling space to the radiator is provided at a higher point than the inlet water connection but below the compression chamber, as indi cated at 17 where it is desired to obtain high temperature. Said arrangement provides for i the a water circulation only through the cylinder cooling space as shown by the arrows.

In locating the radiator, provision will be made to have the height of the Water therein, above the highest. oint of the top of the cylinder head 3, an due to the head of water in the radiator, water will enter the upper part of the water space 17 surrounding the compression chamber where the higher temratures are desired, but will not be affected y the circulation of the water in the cooling system.

The high temperatures attained in the compression chamber around which water circuation has been dispensed with, will at times cause the water to be transformed to steam and provision has been made to permit steam to escape from chamber 17 through steam pressure connection 18 to-the water cooling system for condensation.

As shown in Fig. 3 an optional method of obtaining the high temperature desired is disclosed at 21, which shows an air cooled head or upper portion of the cylinder block, with the remainder of the cylinder water cooled.

In operation a low grade fuel is supplied to the motor in the usual manner, compression taking place in the compression chamber, ortion comprising the compression chum s being at a temperature sufficiently high as to accomplish the desired results, said temperature being maintained by establishing in the jacket around the compression chamber a dead space or one unaffected by the water circulating system.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a water jacket surrounding the cylinder and compression chamber, of a water cooling system including a radiator, connections between the upper part of the cylinder water jacket and the top of the radiator and between the lower part of the c inder water acket and the lower part of t e radiator adapted to produce circulation of the cooling fluid in the water jacket surrounding the cylinder only and a steam outlet pipe at the top of the compression chamber water jacket, connected with said water coolin i stem.

combination with an internal combustion engine having a cylinder and compression chamber and a cooling jacket surrounding said parts, of cooling means for maintaining the cylinder and compression hamber at relatively different temperatures, comprising aradiator-conneoted through flow and return pipes with the cylinder jacket for maintaining a circulation of cooling fluid the cylinder only and a steam outlet heinthe cooling jmiret at the top or the com- With the was:

ROBERT F. BROWN. 

